I removed the battery from my Vitara 03 Grand Vitara then replace it after which it refuse to start. the engine turn over ok. the check engine light keeps flashing

Also check plug and wire, if not coil on plug , as a weak wire or worn plug can cause premature failure of coils .

you posted 4 times,
1: no country stated, USA we are, for a fact
others country VITATA ,are not like ours, at all, (by laws)
2; no engine stated (G16, J20, H25 or bigger v6)
3: no full symptoms (1 spark plug dead)
IF ALL SPARKS dead is different cause than 1.
on all engines made, petrol
4: we know its petrol. (ours is gas) LOL
5: lacking all these facts we must guess wildly and use generic OTTO Cycle engines answer.

OTTO 101:
cranks but don't start
engine bad. (if cam belt old, bingo if has one)
spark dead. 1 or 4 or 6 dead sparks?
fuel gone missing or flooding.

there are over 50 causes to kill a petrol engine.
and about 1- 10 tests.(using tools.
do you want the wild guessing guys to guess?, or tell you how to test.? your call and not stated.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=064Ilsz8Fzg&NR=1&feature=fvwp

Danielle, On the driver side you may have stuff in the way, which may have to be removed, to change bulb. Sometimes it is easier to remove headlight then change bulb and reassemble. Videos attached make it look fairly easy to change he bulb with out removal of headlight.
Check the attached links,instruction and guides, Good luck.
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Suzuki Grand Vitara Headlight Bulb Replacement
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Auto Repair Maintenance How to Replace Headlight Bulbs
How to replace Suzuki Grand Vitara Tail Light Bulb

no , you need to prime the system, its all full of air now.
old post, i bet you discovered that already.

Sounds like the ignition interlock at the transmission switch is out of adjustment or faulty. Bypass the key switch, at the starter, if it now cranks, it's in the interlock switch or the ignition switch.

Fuel FIlter - Removal

1. Relieve fuel system pressure.
2. Remove or disconnect the following:
   Negative battery cable Fuel lines from the fuel filter Fuel filter
   

To install:

1. Install or connect the following:
   Fuel filter and tighten the bracket bolt. Note the fuel flow directional arrow. Fuel lines to the fuel filter. Negative battery cable
2. Start the engine and inspect the fuel filter connections for leaks.
   

1. Before servicing the vehicle, refer to the Precautions section.
2. Relieve fuel system pressure.
3. Remove or disconnect the following:
   Negative battery cable Fuel lines from the fuel filter Fuel filter
   

To install:

1. Install or connect the following:
   Fuel filter and tighten the bracket bolt. Note the fuel flow directional arrow. Fuel lines to the fuel filter. Negative battery cable
2. Start the engine and inspect the fuel filter connections for leaks.

Fuel filter is incorporated in fuel pump assembly in fuel tank.

Hope this help.

I'd be first confirming whether you have a 1.6 litre Grand Vitara (petrol), or a 2 litre turbo diesel. The 2 litre petrol (straight 4 or V6) or 2.5 litre petrol engines are all chain drive.
If your engine is petrol then no lock tool is required (to hold the camshaft). Of course, there is a specific position that an engine should be rotated too before removing the belt from ANY engine.
If it's diesel, then although I'm unfamilar with that particular engine, the general requirement for diesel engines with high pressure injection pumps is "yes, you require a lock tool" to hold the injection pump pulley. As I think these are a common rail set-up, this requirement may not be necessary. Check with your Suzuki Dealer, or maybe someone else here will know more. A similar question may have already been asked and answered here too.

have you tried checking compression? fuel and spark are good but if theres no compression you wont have anything

Did you resolved the problem?

I also have a Grand Vitara, and just replaced the battery and once I turn the vehicle on, it will shut off.

What it is going on?

Thanks

check your battery condition to start with. weak batteries acn make vitaras cut out cold start. if ok possible fuel pump. more info....