Why isnt my engine getting enough fuel to run?

Do you hear the fuel pump turn on for a couple of seconds when you turn the key to on, not start? It should turn on briefly to put pressure in the lines and up to the engine. Stand by the rear of the car with the fuel cap off and listen for the pump, while someone turns the key to on.
Or you could put a fuel pressure gauge on the test port on the fuel rail (on top of the engine) and check if proper pressure is there (about 40-50 psi. for multi-port injection), with the key on. I'm pretty sure that autozone and others loan out or rent fuel pressure gauges, maybe for a nominal fee.
If the new pump is not working, you will have to diagnose the fuel pump circuit. There is a fuse and a fuel pump relay in the circuit. If the pump is working and you have fuel pressure at the engine, you may need to check the fuel injector circuit.
Have you checked for possible trouble codes in the engine's computer? Parts stores will scan the computer for trouble codes, and it is a free service.

Many times you need to prime it. You didn't say if it was an electric fuel pump or a manual. For a manual, pump the gas pedal several times, have someone watch for when gas mist gets to the carb. If electric pump, turn the key on and let wait until the pump quiets down. For an inline filter, we used to pour a few drops of gas into the filter, then install it properly. You can also prime the carburetor.

You just aren't getting the gas back up to the carb, that's all.